![]() ![]() First, their use would need to rely on their clear characterization and the possibility of isolating them and to date, no consensual phenotype has been proposed thus rending their clinical application very difficult. However, Breg based-immunotherapy and their potential use in the clinic suffer several limitations. Other Bregs have been shown to display suppressive functions on different cell types and through multiple mechanisms, rendering Bregs attractive for therapy in different conditions. These regulatory B cells (Breg(s)) were able to efficiently block effector T cell proliferation via production of granzyme B and in a contact-dependent manner. We showed that such B cells with regulatory properties were increased in patients with long term graft acceptance. In humans, B cells with suppressive functions have thus been demonstrated in different clinical settings, including cancer, autoimmunity and tolerance towards kidney allografts. B cells also display regulatory functions via cytokine production, cell-to-cell contact and by promoting regulatory T cells. Human induced pluripotent stem cells hES,ī cells are important actors of immunity notably via their humoral responses with antibody production but also as antigen presenting cells leading to T cell activation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: NO authors have competing interests. The ANR project BIKET (ANR-17-CE17-0008) also financially support this work. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.įunding: This work was supported in the context of the Centaure project (RP10083) and the LabEX IGO thanks to French government financial support managed by the National Research Agency via the "Investment into the Future" program (ANR-11- LABX-0016-01). Received: JAccepted: NovemPublished: December 15, 2020Ĭopyright: © 2020 Dubois et al. PLoS ONE 15(12):Įditor: Xiaoping Bao, Purdue University, UNITED STATES (2020) Toward a better definition of hematopoietic progenitors suitable for B cell differentiation. Citation: Dubois F, Gaignerie A, Flippe L, Heslan J-M, Tesson L, Chesneau M, et al. ![]()
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